Mars is a cold, dry desert, but it could be possible to rapidly increase the temperature of the planet by releasing particles into the atmosphere. Researchers investigated two possible chemicals: graphene or aluminum. With just two liters per second of release, we could double the Mars greenhouse effect, raising its temperature by +5 Kelvin in only 1.1 years. Once the chemical release is stopped, the planet would cool back to its normal state. from Universe Today https://ift.tt/36W1yGl via IFTTT
When galaxies run out of primordial hydrogen and helium, they cease star formation, shifting to primarily long-lived red stars. These galaxies are considered "red and dead." It usually takes billions of years for galaxies to run out of hydrogen, but now astronomers using JWST have found examples of galaxies that have already stopped forming stars just 700 million years after the Big Bang, much earlier than predicted by cosmological models. from Universe Today https://ift.tt/l3HPVM9 via IFTTT